An Emirates flight from Thiruvananthapuram crash-landed at the Dubai airport last week
New Delhi:
When an Emirates flight from Thiruvananthapuram crash-landed at the Dubai airport last week, a sudden, powerful change in wind direction was a primary cause.
NDTV has exclusively accessed the "Event Summary" of the accident filed by the pilots of the Boeing 777, which spells out the details of the final moments before the plane crashed to a halt partly on its belly, one of its Rolls Royce engines having been torn off the wing of the jet.
There were nearly 300 passengers and crew on board, most of them from Kerala, who were evacuated seconds before the plane went up in flames.
The pilots write of deciding on a go-around - a routine procedure which involves a second attempt at landing.
"During flare, updraft caused the a/c [aircraft] to float till after the end of the touchdown zone, we decided to G/A [go around]." In other words, the gusting winds meant the pilots were unable to land the jet safely at the spot on the runway they had chosen. With the length of the runway running out, they opted to abort the landing for the "go around".
It was here that things went disastrously wrong. Shear is a potentially hazardous condition involving sudden and unpredictable changes in wind direction or speed. Very often, wind shear conditions are impossible to detect by any systems even on modern aircraft.
The pilots write that initially, the go-around appeared to be working but then, "Speed dropped rapidly below the top of amber band due to W/S [wind shear]. W/S proc [wind shear procedure] was done, however the A/C [aircraft] crash landed on the RW [runway] and skidded off it to come to a complete stop off the R/W [runway] with fire and fumes covering the whole A/C [aircraft]."
What it means is this: the aircraft seemed to be gaining altitude which is why the undercarriage (landing gear) was retracted. But then, the aircraft did not continue to climb away as expected because of wind shear conditions. Despite the pilots working a procedure to deal with this emergency situation, the Boeing 777's air speed dropped rapidly, and the aircraft crashed and skidded off the runway before coming to a complete stop.
According to a senior Boeing 777 commander NDTV has spoken to, a pilot aborting a landing during wind shear conditions needs to apply full power to the two engines of the jet while raising the nose of the aircraft to 15 degrees or until such time as there is an in-cockpit warning indicating that the aircraft is in danger of stalling. In almost all cases, modern jetliners will easily break through wind shear conditions with this manoeuvre.
But instead, the two engines of the Emirates 777 were probably at their lowest power setting at the point of landing. Depending on the power setting of the engine, it could take between four and eight seconds for the giant Rolls Royce engines of the aircraft to rev up to maximum thrust, which would allow it to break free of the wind shear. By the time the engines likely did that, it was too late - the aircraft had already crashed.
The fact that the pilots chose to raise their undercarriage may have been the wrong decision because the process "can create tremendous drag," drastically slowing down the process of the aircraft gaining speed and height.
When asked about what the pilots have documented, Emirates said, "The incident is currently being investigated by the relevant authorities, and Emirates is extending our full co-operation in this regard. We are unable to comment further."
NDTV has exclusively accessed the "Event Summary" of the accident filed by the pilots of the Boeing 777, which spells out the details of the final moments before the plane crashed to a halt partly on its belly, one of its Rolls Royce engines having been torn off the wing of the jet.
There were nearly 300 passengers and crew on board, most of them from Kerala, who were evacuated seconds before the plane went up in flames.
The pilots write of deciding on a go-around - a routine procedure which involves a second attempt at landing.
"During flare, updraft caused the a/c [aircraft] to float till after the end of the touchdown zone, we decided to G/A [go around]." In other words, the gusting winds meant the pilots were unable to land the jet safely at the spot on the runway they had chosen. With the length of the runway running out, they opted to abort the landing for the "go around".
NDTV accesses pilots account of seconds before crash-landing
The pilots write that initially, the go-around appeared to be working but then, "Speed dropped rapidly below the top of amber band due to W/S [wind shear]. W/S proc [wind shear procedure] was done, however the A/C [aircraft] crash landed on the RW [runway] and skidded off it to come to a complete stop off the R/W [runway] with fire and fumes covering the whole A/C [aircraft]."
Emirates Airline flight after it crash-landed at Dubai International Airport on August 3, 2016.
According to a senior Boeing 777 commander NDTV has spoken to, a pilot aborting a landing during wind shear conditions needs to apply full power to the two engines of the jet while raising the nose of the aircraft to 15 degrees or until such time as there is an in-cockpit warning indicating that the aircraft is in danger of stalling. In almost all cases, modern jetliners will easily break through wind shear conditions with this manoeuvre.
But instead, the two engines of the Emirates 777 were probably at their lowest power setting at the point of landing. Depending on the power setting of the engine, it could take between four and eight seconds for the giant Rolls Royce engines of the aircraft to rev up to maximum thrust, which would allow it to break free of the wind shear. By the time the engines likely did that, it was too late - the aircraft had already crashed.
The fact that the pilots chose to raise their undercarriage may have been the wrong decision because the process "can create tremendous drag," drastically slowing down the process of the aircraft gaining speed and height.
When asked about what the pilots have documented, Emirates said, "The incident is currently being investigated by the relevant authorities, and Emirates is extending our full co-operation in this regard. We are unable to comment further."
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