Here are 10 developments in this big story:
Besides Harsh Vardhan, junior Health Minister Ashwini Choube, Education Minister Ramesh Pokhriyal Nishank, Babul Supriyo, Sadananda Gowda and Santosh Gangwar have also resigned ahead of the cabinet reshuffle.
Jyotiraditya Scindia, Sarbananda Sonowal, Narayan Rane, Bhupendra Yadav and Meenakshi Lekhi are set to join the government. Seven new ministers will be from Uttar Pradesh, which will elect a new government next year.
Kiren Rijiju, Anurag Thakur, Hardeep Singh Puri, Purshottam Rupala, Manush Mandavya and GK Reddy are likely to be promoted.
More allies will join the government in this round - RCP Singh (Janata Dal United), Pashupati Paras (Lok Janshakti Party) and Anupriya Patel (Apna Dal), to name some.
The new cabinet will be the "youngest-ever" in India's history, top government sources say. The shake-up will bring in 27 OBCs (Other Backward Class) into the Council of Ministers.
There will be more women ministers and special representation will be given to those who have administrative experience, say the sources.
Government sources also say the revamped cabinet will include "PhDs, MBAs, post-graduates and professionals", to bring up the average education level.
The reboot will also focus on regions within states, with an eye on polls in five states next year and the 2024 national election.
A new "Ministry of Cooperation" has been created to "strengthen the cooperative movement in the country", according to the government.
The Union Cabinet, which can have 81 members, currently has 52 ministers. This means 29 ministers can be added.
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