Deadly Heatwaves Surge In India, With Worse Ahead, Researchers Say

London: India's increasingly scorching summer heat is leading to a big jump in heatwave deaths - and much worse is likely on the way,  US researchers said on Wednesday.

A modest 0.5 degree Celsius rise in average temperatures in India over the last 50 years has led to a nearly 150 percent hike in heatwaves that kill at least 100 people, said researchers at the University of California in Irvine.

But with India now on a path to between 2.2 and 5.5 degrees Celsius of temperature rise by the end of the century, the rate of heatwave deaths in India - and other Asian nations - could soar, scientists say.

"I was taken aback by how large the increase in the likelihood of these mass mortality events was with a modest increase in temperature," said Steven J. Davis, an earth systems science professor at the university and one of the authors of the report, published in the journal Science Advances.

"Even under the lower global warming scenario, you still see temperature increases of 2, 3 or more degrees. We're looking at a small temperature increase and still seeing a big increase in heatwave deaths. It seems pretty shocking," he told the Thomson Reuters Foundation in a telephone interview.

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With such temperature rises expected across much of the world by the end of the century, higher heat levels "may make low-latitude developing nations in the Asian subcontinent, the Middle East, Africa and South America practically uninhabitable during the summer months", the report noted.

The study, based on temperature and heat death data from India between 1960 and 2009, looked at heatwaves defined as three or more consecutive days of very high temperatures.

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It noted that in the years since 2009 heatwaves in India killed more than 1,300 people in 2010, 1,500 in 2013, and 2,500 in 2015 as summers grow hotter.

Recorded heatwave deaths in India are likely underestimates, the researchers said, because deaths, particularly in rural areas, may not be classified as being the result of heat.

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The poor are particularly hard-hit by heatwaves, researchers said, not only because many lack power but also because they often struggle to access clean drinking water and shelter from the heat, and may have health conditions aggravated by high temperatures and limited medical care.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi's government is trying to expand access to electric power, in part to cope with rising heat, and aims to connect all homes by 2019 - a huge task in a nation of 1.3 billion people.

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"Access to air conditioning and electricity is key to address heat-caused mortality and that requires significant investment," said Amir AghaKouchak, one of the report's authors. "India's government is trying, they're doing great. But the population is also growing. It's not an easy challenge."

An ongoing heatwave in the Indian states of Odisha and Gujarat has killed nearly 20 people in recent days, with the summer only just getting underway, he noted.

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A half degree of warming over the last 50 years already has boosted deadly heatwaves from one every eight years to one every three years on average, Davis said.

As the United States prepares to withdraw from the Paris climate agreement, "we shouldn't be turning our backs on the world that is suffering these effects", Davis said.

(By Laurie Goering. Reporting by Laurie Goering @lauriegoering; editing by Megan Rowling; Please credit the Thomson Reuters Foundation, the charitable arm of Thomson Reuters, that covers humanitarian news, climate change, resilience, women's rights, trafficking and property rights. Visit http://news.trust.org/climate)