Here are 10 points on this big story:
The BJP has won in Uttar Pradesh's Gola Gokarnnath, Haryana's Adampur, Bihar's Gopalganj, and Odisha's Dhamnagar. The Tejashwi Yadav-led Rashtriya Janata Dal has won in Bihar's Mokama. K Chandrashekar's Rao's Telangana Rashtriya Samithi won in Munugode and the Uddhav Thackeray-led Shiv Sena faction won in Mumbai's Andheri East seat.
Of the seven seats, the BJP held three, the Congress two, while the Shiv Sena and the RJD had one each before bypolls were necessitated. Two of the seats are in Bihar and one each in UP, Haryana, Maharashtra, Telangana and Odisha.
RJD candidate Neelam Devi, wife of Anant Singh who was disqualified after being convicted of illegally keeping guns, won in Bihar's Mokama.
The BJP registered a slim win in RJD president Lalu Prasad's home district of Gopalganj. This was the first contest since Nitish Kumar dumped the BJP to revive the JDU's alliance with Tejashwi Yadav's RJD.
In Haryana, former chief minister Bhajan Lal's family seat Adampur decided his grandson Bhavya Bishnoi can carry the 68-year legacy forward after switching from the Congress to BJP. Bhavya's father Kuldeep Bishnoi, who led the family into the BJP, resigned as Adampur MLA as he defected, leading to this bypoll.
Uddhav Thackeray's faction won its first election today. Rutuja Latke, the candidate of the Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray), won the by-election in Andheri (East) in Mumbai by a massive margin of over 66,000 votes.
In Telangana, Munugode saw the ruling TRS win against sworn rival BJP with a huge margin of over 10,000 votes. For KCR, the Munugode bypoll was a prestige battle as a BJP victory would have signalled a crack in the TRS' defensive line, through which the BJP would have entered and worked to expand its presence.
In Odisha's Dhamnagar, BJP upstaged the ruling regional party BJD. The BJP had won the seat last time but MLA Bishnu Charan Sethi's death led to this contest. Sethi's son Suryabanshi Suraj, fighting on a BJP ticket, won the seat.
In its stronghold UP, the BJP retained the Gola Gokarannath seat, which fell vacant after the death of its MLA Arvind Giri on September 6. The BSP and Congress kept away, resulting in a direct fight between Arvind Giri's son Aman Giri (BJP) and the Samajwadi Party's Vinay Tiwari, a former MLA.
None of these contests is likely to upset the math for current state governments. But, with regional parties looking to put together a united front for the 2024 Lok Sabha elections - just a year and a half away - these could serve as booster shots, or perception busters for some parties.
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