US Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross was in New Delhi for trade talks.
Any retaliatory tariff by India in response to the United States' planned withdrawal of some trade privileges will not be "appropriate" under WTO rules, US Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross warned today.
The comments, made to broadcaster CNBC-TV18 during a trip to New Delhi, come as trade ties between the United States and China worsen. The United States is India's second-biggest trade partner after China.
Indian officials have raised the prospect of higher import duties on more than 20 US goods if US President Donald Trump presses ahead with a plan announced in March to end the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) for India.
India is the biggest beneficiary of the GSP, which allows preferential duty-free imports of up to $5.6 billion from the South Asian nation.
"Any time a government makes a decision adverse to another one, you will have to anticipate there could be consequences," Mr Ross said. "We don't believe under the WTO rules that retaliation by India would be appropriate."
He added that India's new rules on e-commerce, which bar companies from selling products via firms in which they have an equity interest, and data localisation have been discriminatory for US firms such as Walmart Inc and Mastercard Inc.
"So the American companies are showing very good will and a very cooperative attitude towards 'Make in India' and the other programmes," he said, referring to a manufacturing push by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
"But there's a limit to how far the discriminatory behaviour can go. And our job is to try to get a level, more level playing field."
Earlier, Mr Ross told a business conference that localisation rules and price caps on medical devices imported from the United States were barriers to trade but that New Delhi was committed to tackling them after general elections.
"We applaud India's commitment to addressing some of these barriers once the government is re-formed, probably starting in the month of June," Ross said.
"Our role is to eliminate barriers to US companies operating here, including data localisation restrictions that actually weaken data security and increase the cost of doing business."
Lok Sabha elections end on May 19, and votes will be counted on May 23.
Mr Ross met his Indian counterpart Suresh Prabhu on Monday, after which New Delhi said the two countries would engage regularly to resolve outstanding trade issues.
Last year, global payments companies such as Mastercard, Visa and American Express unsuccessfully lobbied India to relax central bank rules requiring all payment data on domestic transactions to be stored locally.
"As President Trump has said, trade relationships should be based, and must be based, on fairness and reciprocity," Mr Ross added. "But currently, US businesses face significant market access barriers in India."