Everything You Need To Know About Retinol

If there's one thing that all beauty experts seem to agree on, it's the effectiveness of retinol in clearing up, brightening and tightening the skin. By now, we're sure you've encountered the term, either on the back of a product label or even in some of the food you eat. So you're probably wondering what's the fuss around it anyway and why does everyone seem to be a retinol convert. To answer that question and many more surrounding this magic skin ingredient, here's what you need to know.

So what is retinol?
Simply put, retinol is a derivative of the Vitamin A family and also goes by the terms retinoid, retinoic acid or tretinoin, which are specialised, prescription-strength versions of it. We've all been goaded by our parents to scarf down our carrots even if we couldn't bear them, and rightly so. Foods like eggs, shrimp, spinach as well as orange and red coloured foods like carrots, oranges, sweet potatoes and papayas are excellent natural sources of Vitamin A. Thanks for that, mom.

What does retinol do?
Now that we're aware of what retinol is, it begs the question, how does it work miracles on our skin? Retinol is available over the counter in 0.5 - 2.5% forms and in higher strengths as well, when prescribed by a skincare specialist. Retinol works at a cellular level by encouraging collagen production to even the skin's texture, rectify any damage and reduce pigmentation. But don't expect results to show overnight. In fact, for effects of regular retinol usage to show, it can take upto 3 months, so hang in there once you start your prescription.

What precautions should I take with retinol?
Although retinol is widely available, first consult a dermatologist to find what strength of retinol is best-suited for your skin. It usually comes in dark tinted bottles or completely covered tubes and is recommended for usage during the night. This is because sun exposure can render retinol inactive, so ensure that you don't step out with it. Once you begin using it, you may notice skin redness or peeling, but that's a general reaction that settles down once the skin cells adjust to it. However, if skin irritation persists for more than a week or two, head to your dermatologist for a fix as your dosage is probably a bit too strong.

Retinol is particularly helpful for those who have sensitive skin or are prone to skin issues like acne, scarring or pigmentation, and usually makes for a great addition to one's skin care routine.

A word of caution, though...
Even though retinol is beauty's buzzword, it is important to note that it is one of the almost 600 prohibited or restricted cosmetic ingredients on Health Canada's hotlist (retinol is restricted, not prohibited). In addition to this, The US FDA, and Norwegian and German health agencies have also raised concerns over the topical application of any kind of Vitamin A during pregnancy -- studies have linked excessive intake or absorption of Vitamin A and its derivatives to developmental defects in the fetus' heart, brain and spinal cord. One study has also shown that products fortified with retinol, when applied topically just before being exposed to the sun could also accelerate cancerous tumour development. So, even though it might show quick results, if you're going to use retinol, make sure it is with the right dosage and in the right way, under supervision of a qualified and trustworthy skin expert.

Disclaimer: This content including advice provides generic information only. It is in no way a substitute for qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist or your own doctor for more information. NDTV does not claim responsibility for this information.