In the Swachhta (cleanliness) Survey conducted by the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO), Jharkhand was cited as the worst state in the country as far as cleanliness was concerned. "We are determined to clean up Jharkhand and make it open-defecation free by 2018", says Raghubar Das, Chief Minister of Jharkhand, adding that the state government is working to raise awareness and educating the masses about the need for cleanliness, and importance of using toilets.