In April, as we celebrate World Health Day and emphasise the universal right to quality healthcare, on The Urban Agenda, we closely examine India's urban public healthcare system. Since 2014, despite significant initiatives such as the Niti Aayog National Urban Health Mission, Ayushman Bharat's efforts, and the introduction of 16 new AIIMS-like hospitals, the evident gaps in urban healthcare remain a pressing concern. Delving into the challenges of Urban healthcare, Manisha Natarajan speaks with Indrani Gupta, Professor and Head of the Health Policy Research Unit (HPRU) at the Institute of Economic Growth in Delhi, and Ms Nirupam Madan, Medical Superintendent at Delhi AIIMS.