HTS | Abu Mohammed al-Golani | The rebels in Syria fought against the Bashar al-Assad regime for 13 years but failed to dislodge him from power. And then in a lightning offensive that lasted less than 13 days, the five-decade rule of the Assad family was decimated and the President was forced to flee the country. Behind the rebels' shocking advance was careful planning, the changing power balance in the Middle East, and tacit backing from a key regional player.