Sudheendra Kulkarni says that the first 25 years since Independence, India saw pro-incumbency, then came anti-incumbency and now this election has seen yet another pro-incumbency vote. One of the main factors that led to the BJP win, he says, is that there is no alternative to Narendra Modi. There isn't a party, or an alliance was seen as an alternative, he says. He also cites the "consolidation of Hindu consciousness" which may acquire extremist manifestations.