For decades after independence, villagers in Chopaniya, in a remote part of eastern Uttar Pradesh's impoverished Sonbhadra district, did not have a hospital or elementary facilities a government is expected to provide, much less a school. Then in 2014, the state government constructed a building, and a primary school with a single teacher was started so that children from the 40-odd families in the village would not have to walk around 7 km to the nearest school.